Analysis of the genetic variability of camel populations in Kazakhstan using ISSR-PCR markers

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed the genetic characteristics of camel populations of Kazakhstan using ISSR-PCR markers. As a result, fragments of the following sizes were identified using the (AG)9C primer: 200, 320, 370, 430, 580, and 700 bp. Based on the (GA)9C primer, the length of the amplicons was 300, 350, and 430 bp. An analysis of the genetic differences of camels in the populations was carried out using ISSR-PCR markers. As a result, the number of allelic indices of polymorphic loci of the (AG)9С primer and related polymorphic loci in the population of the Shymkent population was equal to 77.78%, the allelic index of polymorphic loci of camels in the Taraz population - 33.3%, Kyzylorda and Atyrau populations - 44,44%. In camels selected for the study, the number of observed alleles (Na) averaged 1.27, the effective number of alleles (Ne) was equal to 1.37, the genetic diversity (h) according to Nei was equal to 0.21 and the Shannon index (I) was equal to 0.30. The average allelic score for polymorphic loci was 50.0% across four populations. Based on our results, the two markers used in the work were informative in assessing the genetic diversity of camel populations.