Microbiological and Epidemiological Features of Mycobacteriosis

Abstract

Relevance. The group of non-tuberculous mycobacteria includes more than 200 species, of which about 50 are causative agents of mycobacterial infection or mycobacteriosis, which is clinically and radiologically similar to tuberculosis. Mycobacteriosis is a multidisciplinary, insufficiently studied, problem. The purpose of the article is to summarize modern ideas about this disease. Conclusion. The review provides information on the main aspects of the considered problem: the environmental features and diagnostics of non-tuberculous mycobacteria are determined, the epidemiology of this disease is described, the possibility of the variability of the clinical manifestations of mycobacteriosis, including among immunocompromised patients and the example of infection associated with the provision of medical care. Particular attention is paid to the growing need to develop regulatory documents regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria in the Russian Federation.

Keywords

• non-tuberculosis mycobacteria
• mycobacteriosis
• epidemiology
• laboratory diagnostics