Synthesis Si nanoparticles from rice husk as material active electrode on secondary cell battery with X-Ray diffraction analysis

Abstract

Si nanoparticles have been synthesized from rice husk. Adding KBr during the reduction of the magnesiothermic method in the synthesis of Si nanoparticles is effective as a scavenger agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study confirms the crystalline nature of the Si nanoparticles with a cubic silicon lattice structure, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicates the spherical morphology of the prepared nanoparticles, having an average size of approximately 27.77 nm. Scherrer, Williamson-hall, size-strain plot, and Halder-Wagner method have been used to investigate the particle size and the intrinsic strain from the XRD peak broadening analysis. Further, in the williamson-hall method, different models have been considered to determine physical and microstructural parameters such as strain, stress, and energy density. The average particle size distribution, calculated from several XRD and SEM, indicates that the average particle size is between 24.58 nm and 28.81 nm. The Si nanoparticles were also tested for electrical conductivity. The Si nanoparticles have an electrical conductivity of 2599.39 µS/cm and a resistance of 3.84 Ω at 1 V, indicating that Si nanoparticles are very good as material active electrode on a secondary cell battery.

Keywords

• Si nanoparticle
• Williamson-hall
• Size-strain plot
• Halder-Wagner
• Silicon
• Electrical conductivity