The roles of N6-methyladenosine and its target regulatory noncoding RNAs in tumors: classification, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic implications

Abstract

Non-coding RNAs: Modification by adding methyl groups The reversible addition of a chemical methyl group (CH3) to the base adenine in RNA molecules, creating N6-methyladenosine, regulates the activity of many non-coding RNAs that, unlike messenger RNAs, do not code for the formation of proteins. These RNAs can regulate gene activity. Researchers in China led by Gang Wang at Harbin Medical University, and Qiushi Tang at the Chinese Medical University, Liaoning, review the molecular mechanisms and significance of ‘m6A modification’ of non-coding RNAs. They focus on the progress of research into the role of m6A modification in cancer and its potential relevance for diagnosis and treatment. Approaches to treating cancer by interfering with m6A modification have been explored in mice. Future research will aim to translate the promise of these early animal studies into tests in human cells and clinical trials in patients.