Risk assessment for incidence with community-acquired pneumonia in organized communities among thier members adapting to training and acclimatization

Abstract

There is a pressing issue in prevention medicine related to improving approaches to detecting risk factors and reducing incidence with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Such approaches include analyzing health risks associated with adverse impacts exerted by environmental factors. Our research goal was to assess incidence with CAP in initially healthy organized communities made up of cadets under influences exerted by a set of factors related to a body adapting to training at higher military educational establishments as well as to specific sea climate in Kaliningrad enclave. We applied epidemiologic analysis to assess incidence with CAP in educational establishments with different training conditions. We determined peculiarities related to registering disease cases among local students and those who came from other Russian regions; we also comparatively analyzed annual incidence among first-year cadets. Incidence among first- and second-year cadets was authentically higher than among senior ones. First-year students accounted for the greatest share in the overall incidence and it proved that adaptation to training was a truly significant factor. Incidence among cadets from other regions was higher and it proved that acclimatization to specific climatic and weather conditions was also a significant factor. Higher incidence among cadets who had poorer training conditions during their first and second training year confirmed that training conditions could also be considered a risk factor that caused CAP. Two peaks in annual morbidity among first years cadets were likely due to both a factor related to a new organized community formation and seasonal factors. The fact that the disease is detected among cadets at each year makes it necessary to analyze incidence with CAP in order to detect probable “specific” risk factors and to provide differentiated prevention for each year.

Keywords

• educational establishments
• cadets
• community-acquired pneumonia
• incidence
• study cohorts
• relative risk