Revista Espanola de Enfermedades Digestivas (Feb 2008)
Hidatidosis hepática: Cirugía radical vs. no radical: 22 años de experiencia Hepatic hydatidosis: Radical vs. conservative surgery: 22 years of experience
Abstract
Introducción: la incidencia de la hidatidosis hepática ha disminuido notablemente en los últimos años gracias a las medidas de prevención adoptadas para interrumpir la transmisión del parásito. Con todo, la cirugía continúa siendo el tratamiento de elección, si bien su modalidad es todavía motivo de controversia. Objetivos: el objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento de esta patología a lo largo de más de dos décadas, atendiendo a la modalidad quirúrgica empleada ya fuese cirugía radical o no radical. Material y métodos: se analizaron un total de 372 pacientes intervenidos por quiste hepático hidatídico (QHH) entre 1983-2005 en el Hospital Ramón y Cajal. En 162 se efectúa una cirugía radical (43,5%) y en 210 una no radical (56,5%). Resultados: tanto la estancia media hospitalaria (8,65 días vs. 14,9 días) como la morbilidad (13,3 vs. 31,4 %, p Objectives: the incidence of hepatic hydatidosis has remarkably decreased in the last years due to the preventive measures adopted to stop the transmission of the parasite. However, surgery carries on being the treatment of choice, although the surgical procedure is still a matter of controversy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the results obtained with the treatment of this condition after two decades according to surgical procedure type. Material and methods: from 1983 to 2005, 372 patients were operated on for hepatic hydatidic cyst in Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Radical surgery was performed for 162 (43.5%) and conservative surgery for 210 (56.5%). Results: average postoperative hospital stay (8.65 vs. 14.9 days), morbidity (13.3 vs. 31.4%, p < 0.001), and mortality (0 vs. 3.8%, p < 0.01) were lower in the radical surgery group. Recurrence rate was 1.85% after radical surgery versus 11.9% in the conservative surgery group (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: radical surgery is associated with lower morbidity, mortality, postoperative hospital stay, and recurrence rates, and represents the treatment of choice for hepatic hydatidosis. However, its indication must depend on the patient characteristics, cyst anatomy, and surgical team experience.
