Frontiers in Psychiatry (May 2024)

Alterations in brain network connectivity and subjective experience induced by psychedelics: a scoping review

  • Zijia Yu,
  • Lisa Burback,
  • Olga Winkler,
  • Lujie Xu,
  • Liz Dennett,
  • Eric Vermetten,
  • Andrew Greenshaw,
  • Andrew Greenshaw,
  • Xin-Min Li,
  • Xin-Min Li,
  • Michaela Milne,
  • Michaela Milne,
  • Fei Wang,
  • Bo Cao,
  • Bo Cao,
  • Ian R. Winship,
  • Ian R. Winship,
  • Yanbo Zhang,
  • Yanbo Zhang,
  • Allen W. Chan,
  • Allen W. Chan

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1386321
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15

Abstract

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Intense interest surrounds current research on psychedelics, particularly regarding their potential in treating mental health disorders. Various studies suggest a link between the subjective effects produced by psychedelics and their therapeutic efficacy. Neuroimaging evidence indicates an association of changes in brain functional connectivity with the subjective effects of psychedelics. We conducted a review focusing on psychedelics and brain functional connectivity. The review focused on four psychedelic drugs: ayahuasca, psilocybin and LSD, and the entactogen MDMA. We conducted searches in databases of MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo and Scopus from inception to Jun 2023 by keywords related to functional connectivity and psychedelics. Using the PRISMA framework, we selected 24 articles from an initial pool of 492 for analysis. This scoping review and analysis investigated the effects of psychedelics on subjective experiences and brain functional connectivity in healthy individuals. The studies quantified subjective effects through psychometric scales, revealing significant experiences of altered consciousness, mood elevation, and mystical experiences induced by psychedelics. Neuroimaging results indicated alterations in the functional connectivity of psychedelics, with consistent findings across substances of decreased connectivity within the default mode network and increased sensory and thalamocortical connectivity. Correlations between these neurophysiological changes and subjective experiences were noted, suggesting a brain network basis of the psychedelics’ neuropsychological impact. While the result of the review provides a potential neural mechanism of the subjective effects of psychedelics, direct clinical evidence is needed to advance their clinical outcomes. Our research serves as a foundation for further exploration of the therapeutic potential of psychedelics.

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