EPIZOOTIC AND EPIDEMIC MANIFESTATION OF NATURAL FOCI OF TULAREMIA IN MOSCOW REGION (1965-2013)

Abstract

Aim. Detection of contemporary features of tularemia foci manifestations, determination of territories of high epidemic risk in various landscape zones and creation of a map of foci territories of Moscow Region for isolation of tularemia infectious agent cultures and registered human morbidity for justified planning of prophylaxis measures. Materials and methods. Report materials of epizootologic examinations of natural foci for 1965 - 2013, 156 maps of epidemiologic examination of cases of human infection with tularemia, results of studies of casting of predatory birds and dung of predatory mammals were used. Registered morbidity and isolation of tularemia infectious agent cultures from 1965 to date were applied to an electronic map of Moscow Region by sign method using modern GIS-technologies (MapInfo 10.5 program). Electronic maps Ingit at 1:200 000 scale, as well as Google Earth program were used to search for base points. Results. Analysis of morbidity has revealed structure change in human tularemia morbidity - an increase of the fraction of urban population and a decrease of the fraction of patients among rural inhabitants, unimmunized against this infection are mostly ill. The presence of DNA of tularemia causative agent in biological objects in the complex with serologic and bacteriological studies was shown to allow to detect flaccid epizootics even at low numbers of rodents. Conclusion. Cartographic reflection of registered morbidity and isolation of tularemia infectious agent cultures allowed to show territories with various degrees of epizootic activity and epidemic manifestation. Positive results of serologic and molecular-genetic studies of environmental objects gives evident on epizootic activity and constant risk of aggravation of epidemic situation for this infection.

Keywords

• tularemia
• epizootology
• epidemiology
• natural foci
• vaccine prophylaxis
• gis