Teshuva

Abstract

This encyclopaedia article aims to provide an exhaustive investigation of the concept of Teshuva in Jewish thought, with a focus on its historical trajectory and multifaceted interpretations. The term teshuva in Hebrew etymologically means ‘return’, suggesting a journey back to an original state or condition or to the divine. Originating from biblical precepts, Teshuva has undergone substantive elaboration in Rabbinic literature and further intellectual treatment in subsequent Jewish writings. This article underscores the theological gravitas of Teshuva. To bring depth and nuance to this investigation, it integrates the contributions of four seminal Jewish scholars – Moses Maimonides, Nachman of Breslov, Abraham Isaac Kook, and Joseph B. Soloveitchik – each offering a unique conceptual framework of Teshuva. Their divergent viewpoints serve as a prism through which the richness and complexity of Teshuva are elucidated.

Keywords

• jewish theology
• teshuva
• repentance
• redemption
• atonement
• sin
• selfhood
• fear
• love