Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy (Aug 2022)

Clinical profile of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19- and BBV152-vaccinated individuals among hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a pair-matched study

  • Vishakh C. Keri,
  • Bharathi Arunan,
  • Parul Kodan,
  • Manish Soneja,
  • Neeraj Nischal,
  • Ashwin Varadarajan,
  • Akansha Didwania,
  • Brunda R.L.,
  • Anivita Aggarwal,
  • Pankaj Jorwal,
  • Arvind Kumar,
  • Animesh Ray,
  • Prayas Sethi,
  • Ved Prakash Meena,
  • Puneet Khanna,
  • Akhil Kant Singh,
  • Richa Aggarwal,
  • Kapil Dev Soni,
  • Alpesh Goyal,
  • Animesh Das,
  • Anjan Trikha,
  • Naveet Wig

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/25151355221115009
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10

Abstract

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Background: COVID-19 infections among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-vaccinated individuals are of clinical concern, especially in those requiring hospitalization. Such real-world data on ChAdOx1 nCoV-19- and BBV152-vaccinated individuals are scarce. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand their clinical profile and outcomes. Methods: A 1:1 pair-matched study was performed among vaccinated and unvaccinated COVID-19 patients admitted between March 2021 and June 2021 at a tertiary care centre in New Delhi, India. The vaccinated group (received at least one dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BBV152) was prospectively followed till discharge or death and matched [for age (±10 years), sex, baseline disease severity and comorbidities] with a retrospective group of unvaccinated patients admitted during the study period. Paired analysis was done to look for clinical outcomes between the two groups. Results: The study included a total of 210 patients, with 105 in each of the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. In the vaccinated group, 47 (44.8%) and 58 (55.2%) patients had received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBV152, respectively. However, 73 patients had received one dose and 32 had received two doses of the vaccine. Disease severity was mild in 36.2%, moderate in 31.4% and severe in 32.4%. Two mortalities were reported out of 19 fully vaccinated individuals. All-cause mortality in the vaccinated group was 8.6% (9/105), which was significantly lower than the matched unvaccinated group mortality of 21.9% (23/105), p = 0.007. Vaccination increased the chances of survival (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 1.42–10.18) compared to the unvaccinated group. Conclusion: In the second wave of the pandemic predominated by delta variant of SARS CoV-2, vaccination reduced all-cause mortality among hospitalized patients, although the results are only preliminary.