Risk of infection for the cancer patient using totally implanted central venous cateter – Integrative review

Abstract

Background and objectives: Totally implantable central venous catheter has been increasingly used in cancer patients and is capable of minimizing complications resulting from peripheral intravenous therapy, being relevant for patient safety during the infusion of antineoplastic drugs. The aim of this study is to identify the manipulation behavior, to gather and synthesize avaliable evidences in the literature about measures of prevention and control of IRAS related to the use of totally implantable central venous catheter. Contents: An integrative review was carried out in the period from 2009 to 2016 through the databases MEDLINE (Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) and LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences), which resulted in the selection of 10 articles, of which the majority was national (six) and Portuguese (seven).The PICO strategy, which consists of an acrostic: Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes. Complications, management, maintenance of totally implantable central venous catheter and the relevance of the technoscientific knowledge of the nurse who handled this device were considered, aiming at quality and safety of care. Conclusion: According to the analyzed articles, the duration of the catheter, the complications inherent to the use as obstruction, infection, extravasation, thrombosis and displacement, as well as the handling, maintenance and puncture of the device were the subjects evidenced. For the purposes of intervention by the nurse, it is explicit that if there is a standardization through education and training of the nursing team, it is possible to work towards the prevention of the potential for infection of central venous catheterization totally implanted in cancer patients providing greater safety in the handling of the catheter and preventing the appearance of complications, which may guarantee qualified nursing care and, consequently, a better quality of life for the patients attended.