PELLETS MADE FROM PLANT STRUCTURES AND ESSENTIAL OIL OBTAINED FROM LEAVES OF Ageratum conyzoides L. AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF Sitophilus oryzae PELLETS PRODUZIDOS COM ESTRUTURAS DE PLANTAS E ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE FOLHAS DE Ageratum conyzoides L. AFETANDO O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE Sitophilus oryzae

Abstract

<!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of pellets, made from either vegetative and reproductive plant structures powder or essential oil obtained from leaves of billy goat weed, on the development of </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><em><span style="font-weight: normal;">Sitophilus oryzae </span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(L., 1763) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), as well as to determine the period in which they could be stored without losing their insecticidal action. Pellets made from powders of different billy goat weed structures (root, leaf, inflorescence, and seeds) were stored for 2, 60, 120, and 180 days, and those made from essential oil were stored for 2 and 60 days. The billy goat weed presents insecticidal activity on </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><em><span style="font-weight: normal;">S. oryzae</span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">, depending on the plant structure and concentration in the pellet. Pellets made from leaves and seeds, at the concentration of 0.5%, provided a better </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><em><span style="font-weight: normal;">S. oryzae </span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">control, affecting more the emergence of insects than their development cycle. Pellets made from any plant structure, except for root, at 5.0%, can be stored for up to 180 days without losing their insecticidal action, while, at 0.5%, the storage period should be less than 60 days. Pellets made from essential oil of billy goat weed leaves can not be stored under uncontrolled conditions and reduce the </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><em><span style="font-weight: normal;">S. oryzae</span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> population, but do not eliminate it, at concentrations of up to 0.5 µg L</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;">^{<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">-1</span></span></span></span></span>}</span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="pt-BR"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="en-US" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">KEY-WORDS:<strong> </strong>Insecta; biopesticide plant; weevil; billy goat weed.</span></span></span></p><!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Os objetivos do trabalho foram avaliar o efeito de <em>pellets</em> produzidos com pós de estruturas vegetativa e reprodutiva de plantas e com o óleo essencial obtido de folha de<em> </em>mentrasto, no desenvolvimento de <em>Sitophilus oryzae </em>(L., 1763) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) e determinar o tempo máximo de armazenamento dos <em>pellets.</em> Os <em>pellets </em>produzidos com os pós das estruturas de mentrasto (raiz, folha, inflorescência e semente) foram armazenados por 2, 60, 120 e 180 dias e os com óleo essencial por 2 e 60 dias. O mentrasto apresenta ação inseticida em <em>S. oryzae</em>, dependendo da estrutura da planta e da concentração no <em>pellet. Pellets </em>produzidos com os pós de folha e de sementes, na concentração de 0,5%, controlam <em>S. oryzae</em>,<em> </em>afetando mais a emergência de insetos que sua fase imatura. <em>Pellets</em> na concentração de 5,0%, produzidos com pós de quaisquer das estruturas de mentrasto, exceto raiz, podem ser armazenados até 180 dias. Na concentração de 0,5%, o período de armazenamento deve ser inferior a 60 dias. <em>Pellets</em> produzidos a partir de óleo essencial obtido de folha de mentrasto não podem ser armazenados em condições ambientes e reduzem a população de<em> S. oryzae, </em>mas não a eliminam, quando em concentração de até 0,5 µg L^-1.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 120%; text-decoration: none;" lang="pt-BR" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Insecta; planta inseticida; gorgulho; mentrasto.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

Keywords

• Insecta
• planta inseticida
• gorgulho
• mentrasto