Treatment of intravascular leiomyomatosis: Case report and literature review

Abstract

Intravascular leiomyomatosis is a rare disease characterized by the proliferation of a smooth muscle tumor in the vascular lumen and possible cardiac extension. The best surgical procedure is yet to be identified. The present study aimed to explore the optimal surgical strategies. Fourpatients with intravascular leiomyomatosis in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent one-stage surgery with multidisciplinary collaboration and were followed for 2 to 56 months. Based on the preliminary results, we found that one-stage surgery is safe and effective. We recommended Ma's staging system as a guide for selecting the surgical procedures.

Keywords

• Intravascular leiomyomatosis
• Intracardiac leiomyomatosis
• Surgery
• Bilateral oophorectomy
• Postoperative hormone therapy