Hospital predictors of deep vein thrombosis after ischemic stroke: A systematic review

Abstract

Objective: In the acute stage of ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is more common than in the recovery stage. The stratification of the risk of developing DVT is crucial when making a decision in terms of correct diagnostic and treatment options in stroke patients. The aim of the study was to review systematically up-to-date published studies on predictors for DVT in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Study design - systematic review of observational studies. Russian scientific citation database of RSCI, English scientific citation database of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase for the period of time 2018-August 2023 were used for studies search. Data from selected studies were extracted, including study design, data source, outcome definition, sample size, and predictors. The most common demographic, clinical and/or laboratory markers for predicting stroke-related DVT were presented. Results: Totally 234 studies were reviewed, and after the selection process, nine studies were included in this article. The incidence of DVT in patients with acute ischemic stroke ranged from 0.53 % to 19.8 %. The most frequently pointed predictors were D-dimer level, age, sex, lower limb plegia, and high NIHHS scores. Conclusion: Identification of individuals with high risk of venous limb thrombosis after ischemic stroke is crucial for targeted thromboprophylaxis. Advanced knowledge of predictors and biomarkers is needed to guide clinical decision-making and develop risk prediction models.

Keywords

• acute stroke
• ischemic stroke
• deep venous thrombosis
• predictors