Influence of maltose and sucrose on somatic embryos maturation of Glycine max cv. 'Incasoy-27'

Abstract

The somatic embryogenesis in soybean crop (Glycine max)has as limitation the low percentage of conversion to plant that is obtained, attributed to the presence of somatic embryos with abnormal morphologies during the maturation phase. This work aim was to determine the influence of maltose and sucrose on somatic embryos maturation of soybean cultivar 'Incasoy-27'. A culture medium containing 6.0% maltose or sucrose and activated carbon as carbon sources was used. The embryos were placed in sunlight growth chamber for eight weeks. The higher percentage (29.75%) of mature somatic embryos with dicotyledonal morphology was achieved when maltose was used. The use of sucrose increased the number of somatic embryos that showed abnormal morphologies as trumpet shape, fasciated, fused, rudimentary cotyledon and long hypocotyl type. These results indicated that carbon source influences the maturation of soybean somatic embryos cultivar 'Incasoy-27'. The somatic embryos cultivated in maltose, increase the morphologies dicotyledonal shape, monocotyledonal and polycotyledonal type, with development of apical and radical meristems.

Keywords

• in vitro
• osmotic
• regeneration
• soy
• tissue culture