Healthcare-seeking delay during COVID-19 pandemic among tuberculosis patients in Ilubabor zone health facilities, south-west Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction: Fear of COVID-19 makes tuberculosis (TB) patients seek health care after complications of the case. This can be the reason for serious illness, increased length of infectiousness, poor treatment outcomes, and economic crisis for families and the health system. Despite this, no study has been conducted in Ethiopia and in other African countries with the factor “fear of COVID-19.” Identified preventable factor and other covariates are used to reduce the healthcare-seeking delay. Objective: This study assessed the association of fear of COVID-19 with healthcare-seeking delay among TB patients in Ilu Ababor Zone health facilities, south-western Ethiopia. Methods and materials: A health institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among TB patients from October 15, 2020, to March 1, 2021. Using a systematic sampling method, 403 TB patients were selected for face-to-face interviews. The association of fear of getting COVID-19 with healthcare-seeking delay was assessed by a chi-square test. Variables with a p -value <0.25 in the bi-variable binary logistic regression were entered into the multivariable binary logistic regression model. The level of statistical significance in multivariable binary logistic regression was declared at a p -value <0.05. Result: In this study, the proportion of patient healthcare-seeking delay was 46.7%. Chi-square test of the association of fear of COVID-19 with healthcare-seeking delay among TB patients showed a significant association ( p -value = 0.042). After controlling for covariates, patients living in rural area (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.437, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.385–4.286), patients with poor knowledge (AOR = 3.300, 95% CI: 1.792–6.078), earning monthly income <200 Ethiopian birr (ETB) (AOR = 3.912 95% CI: 1.951–7.841), traveling greater than 30 min (AOR = 2.127, 95% CI: 1.301–3.476), and fear of COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 3.124, 95% CI: 1.029–9.479) were significantly associated with patient healthcare-seeking delay. Conclusion: The study found that healthcare-seeking delay among TB patients was substantial. Patient healthcare-seeking delay was significantly associated with fear of COVID-19.