Dependence of the artificial reservoir pollution with heavy metals on anthropogenic factors

Abstract

The article presents the research results of the heavy metals content in artificial reservoirs located at different distances from a number of pollutants of anthropogenic origin. The manuscript provides data on the dependence of the concentration of copper, zinc, lead, iron, cadmium in pond water on their location on highways and arable land. The location near these anthropogenic factors of artificial reservoirs pollution causes the accumulation of heavy metals in the water leading to significant exceedances of permissible levels for the catch of commercial fish, poses a significant threat to the environmental situation and safety of aquaculture. Research has also revealed that fish farming technology used in the farm also determines the ingress and accumulation of heavy metals in the reservoir. In particular, it was found that the operation of non-letting ponds, the use of cascades near the highway and arable land increases the accumulation of heavy metals. According to the results of our research, the content of heavy metals in a pond located at a short distance from the road and agricultural land indicate a high increase in the concentration of toxicants in water. It was established that the concentration of Kuprum was in the water thickness – 0.085 mg/dm3, and at the bottom of the reservoir 0.095 mg/dm3 at MPC 0.001 mg/dm3. The Zn content in the water thickness was 0.119 mg/dm3, in the deep layers of the reservoir – 0.127 mg/dm3, exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations of 11.9 and 12.7 times, respectively. Mangan in the water thickness of the reservoir located near anthropogenic polutantes was 0.091 mg/dm3, and near the bottom of the reservoir – 0.034 mg/dm3 at the MPC – 0.01 mg/dm3. Fe in the water of an artificial reservoir located near the field and road exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations for this chemical element by 20 times regardless of the layer of its selection

Keywords

• heavy metals, anthropogenic pollutants, artificial reservoirs