Heliyon (Jan 2024)
Decreased risk of COVID-19 and long COVID in patients with psoriasis receiving IL-23 inhibitor: A cross-sectional cohort study from China
Abstract
Background: Although clinical trials and real-world data suggest that the risk of COVID-19 and its complications is not exacerbated in patients with psoriasis treated by biological agents, the evidence for this is still limited. Objectives: We aimed to assess the outcomes of COVID-19 among Chinese patients with psoriasis treated by IL-23 inhibitor, and to compare these variables in patients receiving other therapies. Methods: A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted to compare psoriasis treatment with IL-23 inhibitor to other treatment methods. All the patients received a questionnaire that contained questions about their psoriasis treatment, COVID-19 symptoms, and related risk factors. The prevalence of COVID-19 was calculated, and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between treatment method and COVID-19 risk. The symptoms of COVID-19 and long COVID were described for each treatment group. Results: Between December 2022 and February 2023, 732 patients with psoriasis were included in the final analysis. 549 patients had a SARS-CoV-2 infection during the study period. Our results showed that individuals who worked outdoors had a decreased risk of COVID-19, as did those who had other allergic disease. With regard to the effect of the treatment regimens, IL-23 inhibitor treatment was associated with a decreased risk of COVID-19 compared to almost all the other treatments except acitretin. Fever was the most common symptom, but the maximum temperature and duration of fever were comparable among the treatment groups. Patients treated with IL-23 inhibitor were more likely to be asymptomatic after recovery compared to patients treated with methotrexate, narrow-bound ultra violet B, or TNF-α inhibitor. Conclusions: IL-23 inhibitor treatment may lower the risk of COVID-19 and long COVID. Thus, IL-23 inhibitor treatment might be beneficial and positively considered for patients with psoriasis who require systemic treatment during periods when there is a surge in COVID-19 cases.
