Iodine Mineral Status of Etawah Crossbred Goat at Different Physiological Stages Fed Elephant Grass and Tofu Byproduct

Abstract

Abstract. The objective of the study was to determine the iodine status and to map the thyroxin hormone concentration in etawah crossbred goat (ECG) at different physiological stages and its interrelation to the nutrition and performance. Fifteen female ECG was allotted in three physiolgical stage groups: female kid, young female goat and lactating goat, fed elephant grass and tofu byproduct. The study was conducted in Tossa Shakti Agro Company (TSA), Central Java, Indonesia. Analysis of variance in completely randomized design was used to determine the effect of physiological stages on soil and feed iodine content, blood serum thyroxin hormone concentration, nutrient and feed dry matter consumption, average daily gain and milk production. Result showed that soil iodine content was adequate to stimulate plant growth (3.109 mg/kg). Consumed feed iodine content was adequate to all physiological stages, female kid, young female and lactating goat (1.003; 0.940 and 0.820 mg/kg, respectively). Thyroxin hormone concentration in blood serum of female kid and young female goat was in normal range (8.23 and 10.05 µg/dl) but the concentration of thyroxin hormone in blood serum of lactating goat was marginal ( 6.17 µg/dl). Iodine supplementation was required for lactating etawa crossbred goat if tofu byproduct was included in its ration. Key words : nutrient, iodine, thyroxin hormone, etawah crossbred goat Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji status iodine dan memetakan konsentrasi hormone tiroksin kambing peranakan etawah (PE) pada berbagai status fisiologis dan interelasinya dengan status nutrisi serta performans ternak. Sebanyak 15 ekor kambing PE betina digunakan dalam penelitian yang terbagi atas tiga kelompok status fisiologis, yakni: cempe betina, kambing dara dan kambing laktasi. Sebagai pakan, digunakan rumput gajah dan ampas tahu. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Tossa Shakti Agro (TSA) Kendal, Jawa Tengah. Variabel yang diukur meliputi kandungan iodin tanah dan pakan, kadar hormon tiroksin serum darah, konsumsi bahan kering pakan dan nutrien, pertambahan bobot badan serta produksi susu. Data yang terkumpul diolah secara statistik dengan analisis variansi dalam rancangan acak lengkap guna mengetahui pengaruh status fisiologis terhadap variable-variabel tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan iodine tanah memadai untuk menstimulasi pertumbuhan tanaman (3,109 mg/kg). Kandungn iodin pakan terkonsumsi memadai untuk semua status fisiologis, dalam hal ini cempe betina, kambing dara dan kambing laktasi (masing-masing: 1,003; 0,940 dan 0,820 mg/kg). Konsentrasi hormon tiroksin serum darah cempe betina dan kambing dara dalam kisaran normal (8,23 dan 10,05 ug/dl), tetapi konsentrasi hormon tiroksin serum darah kambing laktasi berada pada batas normal (borderline), yakni 6,17 ug/dl. Suplementasi iodin diperlukan bagi kambing peranakan etawa yang sedang laktasi, jika ampas tahu digunakan sebagai bagian dari ransum. Kata kunci: nutrien, iodin, hormone , kambing peranakan etawah