Zhongguo cuzhong zazhi (Dec 2022)
邯郸市居民心脑血管病危险因素的流行现状及高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的影响因素研究 Epidemiological Survey on the Risk Factors of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases among Residents in Handan and Influencing Factors of Awareness, Treatment and Control Rate of Hypertension
Abstract
目的 调查邯郸市居民心脑血管病危险因素的流行现状，并分析高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的影响因素。 方法 本研究采用非随机整群抽样的方法，于2019年6-9月对邯郸市7个社区中≥40岁的居民开展横断面调查，对居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查，分析当地居民心脑血管疾病危险因素的分布情况，并分析高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的影响因素。 结果 本研究共纳入3933例调查对象，其中吸烟、缺乏运动、不合理膳食、超重或肥胖、单独居住、卒中家族史、冠心病家族史、高血压家族史、服用降压药物、服用降糖药物、服用调脂药物、高血压、高血脂、糖尿病调查对象分别为982例（24.97%）、528例（13.42%）、1794例（45.61%）、2621例（66.64%）、244例（6.20%）、760例（19.32%）、647例（16.45%）、1362例（34.63%）、730例（18.56%）、105例（2.67%）、147例（3.74%）、1698例（43.17%）、1265例（32.16%）、682例（17.34%）。1698例高血压患者对高血压的知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为66.96%（1137例）、42.99%（730例）、14.96%（254例），其中女性的知晓率、治疗率和控制率均高于男性（均P<0.001）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，高龄、男性、高血脂、高BMI是高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率的共同独立危险因素（均P＜0.05）。 结论 邯郸市居民心脑血管疾病危险因素的控制情况欠佳，高龄、男性、高血脂、高BMI是高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的独立危险因素，心脑血管病的一级预防控制工作有待进一步落实。 Abstract: Objective To explore the epidemiological status of risk factors of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases among residents in Handan city, and analyze the influencing factors of awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension. Methods Through non-random cluster sampling, the cross-sectional survey was conducted on residents at least 40 years old in 7 communities in Handan city from June to September 2019. The questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory examination results were collected, and the distribution of risk factors of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases among them was analyzed. Results A total of 3933 subjects were included in this survey analysis. Among them, the proportion of smoking, deficient exercise, unreasonable diet, overweight and fat, living alone, history of stroke, history of cardiovascular disease, history of hypertention, taking antihypertensive drugs, taking hypoglycemic drugs, taking lipid-lowering drugs, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes were 24.97%, 13.42%, 45.61%, 66.64%, 6.20%, 19.32%, 16.45%, 34.63%, 18.56%, 2.67%, 3.74%, 43.17%, 32.16% and 17.34%, respectively. The awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension among 1698 patients with hypertension were 66.96%, 42.99% and 14.96%, respectively, and those of females were more than that of males (all P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, male, dyslipidemia and BMI were common factors affecting the awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension. Conclusions The control of the risk factors of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases among residents in Handan was poor, and the strategy for prevention and control of these risk factors should be further enhanced and implemented.
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