Big rip in shift-symmetric Kinetic Gravity Braiding theories

Abstract

We revise the future fate of a group of scalar-tensor theories known as kinetic gravity braiding models. As it is well-known, these theories can safely drive the expansion of the universe towards a future de Sitter state if the corresponding Lagrangian is invariant under constant shifts in the scalar field. However, this is not the only possible future state of these shift-symmetric models as we show in this letter. In fact, future cosmic singularities characterized by a divergence of the energy density can also appear in this framework. We present an explicit example where a big rip singularity is the only possible future fate of the cosmos.

Keywords

• Cosmological singularities
• Phantom energy
• Scalar-tensor theories