Association Between TyG Index, Liver Steatosis and Immunosenescence in People Living with HIV

Abstract

Haiming Yan,1– 3,* Suling Chen,1,2,* Xinrui Gao,1,2,* Yuanhui Jiang,1,2 Guangyu Liang,1,2 Jie Peng,1,2 Shaohang Cai1,2 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China, Ministry of Education; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Viral Hepatitis; Guangdong Institute of Hepatology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jie Peng; Shaohang Cai, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Metabolic disorders and immunosenescence increase the risk of complications in people living with HIV (PLWH), affecting mortality and quality of life. However, their relationship remains unclear.Methods: Participants were grouped by median TyG index, and logistic regression identified baseline independent factors of a high TyG index at Week 24. The association of the TyG index for hepatic steatosis was determined using ROC curves. We also explored correlations between the TyG index and aging markers, including CD4/CD8 ratio and CD8+ T cells and evaluated health-related quality of life (HRQoL).Results: A total of 203 PLWH were included in the study. We observed that PLWH in high TyG group tended to be older (P< 0.001), have greater body weight (P< 0.001), higher ALT levels (P=0.021), and increased low-density lipoprotein levels (P=0.001). ROC analysis revealed that TyG index was closely associated with hepatic steatosis at Week 52 (AUC=0.743) and Week 104 (AUC=0.728). Moreover, a higher TyG index was positively correlated with CD8+ T cell counts, while patients in the high TyG group had lower CD4/CD8 ratios at Week 52 and Week 104. Poorer mental health was observed in patients with CD8+ T cell counts ≥ 1000 and a high TyG index. Multivariate analysis further identified baseline older age (OR=1.108, P=0.002), elevated cholesterol (OR=3.407, P< 0.001), and low HDL (OR=0.003, P< 0.001) as factors associated with a high TyG index at Week 24.Conclusion: The TyG index is closely linked to metabolic disorders and immunosenescence in PLWH. It offers a basis for personalized treatment strategies, improving physical and mental health and reducing complication risks.Keywords: HIV/AIDS, triglyceride-glucose index, metabolic disorders, immunosenescence, hepatic steatosis

Keywords

• hiv/aids
• triglyceride-glucose index
• metabolic disorders
• immunosenescence
• hepatic steatosis.