In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Psidium guajava Leaves Extracts against Clinical Isolates of Salmonella specie

Abstract

Dried leaves of Psidium guajava obtained from Bayero University, Kano old campus were extracted using water, ethanol and chloroform solvents via percolation method. The leaves extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening to detect presence of secondary metabolites. The extracts were further tested for antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella ParatyphiA and Salmonella Paratyphi B using agar well diffusion method. The results of phytochemical screening indicated the presence of tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids and phenols while thoseof the antibacterial activity indicated that highest zone of inhibition was observed in water extracts against S. Paratyphi B, (12mm), followed by water extracts against S. Paratyphi A (9.6mm) with the least being water extracts against S. typhi (8mm). S. Paratyphi B was resistant to both ethanolic and chloroform extract while S. Typhi was found to be resistant to chloroform extracts only. S. ParatyphiAwas however, found to be the most sensitive bacterium to all the extract regardless of extraction solvent.

Keywords

• Antibacterial activity
• Psidium guajava
• extracts
• agar-well diffusion
• clinical isolates
• typhoid fever