Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (Jan 2018)
Evaluation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 4, interleukin 6, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase in rabbits overdosed with ibuprofen and supplemented with guava leaf (Psidium guajava) extract
Abstract
Introduction: Guava leaf contains low calorie, vitamins, minerals antioxidants, polyphenolic, and flavonoid compounds which may play important role in prevention of cancers, aging, cell differentiation, apoptosis and may also have immune enhancing properties while ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drug commonly used to relief pain. It reduces hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body.This project work was therefore designed to evaluate the plasma level of pro (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)) and anti inflammatory (interleukin 4 [IL 4] and 6) cytokines, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in rabbits overdosed with ibuprofen and supplemented with guava leaf extract. Methods: Fifteen rabbits grouped into three experimental groups labeled A–C (with subgroups B1, B2, C1, and C2) with A as control were investigated. An overdose of ibuprofen of 1600 mg/kgBW was administered to Group B and C rabbits to induce toxicity, while 400 ml/kgBW guava leaf extract was used to reduce and treat ibuprofen toxicity. Plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), IL-4 and 6, AST, and ALT were analyzed biochemically by spectrophotometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The result obtained showed a significant increase in the plasma value of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, ALT, and AST in rabbits induced with 1600 mg/kgBW of ibuprofen per oral fed with normal meal for 7 days (Group B1 and C1) compared with normal rabbits fed with normal meal and water only for 7 days (Group A) (P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the plasma value of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, and AST in rabbits given 400 ml/KgBW of guava leaf extract daily for 7 days after 7 days of postibuprofen administration (Group B2 and C2) compared to when the rabbits were given 1600 mg/kgBW of ibuprofen per oral with normal meal and water observed for 7 days (B1 and C1) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Guava aqueous extract has been demonstrated to reduce the biochemical alterations in the plasma values of (TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, AST, and ALT) following ibuprofen overdose as a result of the phytochemical contents of the guava leaf.
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