Xin yixue (Feb 2023)

Analysis of common allergen-specific IgE test results in preschool children from a hospital in Guangzhou

  • Shao Mengye, Li Xiaona, Mai Haizhen, Ma Ru, Liu Ting

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0253-9802.2023.02.012
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 54, no. 2
pp. 144 – 148

Abstract

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Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of inhaled and ingested allergens in preschool children from a local hospital in Guangzhou， aiming to provide epidemiological evidences for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in this region. Methods A total of 1428 preschool children diagnosed with allergic diseases in outpatient and inpatient of this hospital were selected. The serum allergen-specific IgE antibody （sIgE） was detected by Euroline Western blot， and the distribution of various allergens was analyzed. Results There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of common allergens among preschool children of different genders. Among inhaled allergens， dust mites yielded the highest positive rate of sIgE. Male children had higher susceptibility compared with female counterparts （P < 0.05）. Among ingested allergens， milk yielded the highest positive rate of sIgE， and male children had higher susceptibility than female counterparts （P < 0.01）. Milk and protein were the main ingested allergens in infants < 1 year old， and the positive rate of milk and/or egg allergens accounted for 61.2% in this age group. The positive rate of sIgE of ingested allergens showed a decreasing trend with the increase of age， whereas that of inhaled allergens showed an increasing trend. The sensitization was mainly caused by mixed allergy in different age groups. The positive rate of grade 5 and 6 allergy in dust mite combination reached 18.1%， and the sensitization induced by common ingested allergens was mainly grade 1 and 2. However， the sensitization grade of seafood was diffusive， grade 5 and 6 accounting for 33.7%. Conclusions The positive rate of dust mite sensitization in children aged 0-6 years is high in this hospital. Infants are mainly sensitized by ingested allergens. The structure of allergens differs among children of different ages. The possibility of high allergy caused by dust mite and seafood should be considered.

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