Study on glycaemic control by canagliflozin and its effect on insulin resistance and plasma ketone in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract

Aims: The aim is to study the effect of glycaemic control by canagliflozin and its effect on insulin resistance (IR) and plasma ketone in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Settings and Designs: The study was done at the Diabetes Clinic, General Medicine Department of the hospital. The study designed to be a prospective observational open-label study. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted in 60 patients for 3 months. The patients were divided into two groups test and standard. Canagliflozin is given to test over- and above-standard treatment, and standard group is given to the standard treatment. Blood samples are collected at the beginning and at the end of the study. Parameters such as body weight, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), plasma ketone and homeostatic model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) were analysed. Statistical Analysis Used: Data obtained from the present studies were collected and analysed statistically using software IBM SPSS version 21. Results: Various parameters such as HbA1c and weight loss showed a significant difference before and after the study in both standard and test group, respectively. Whereas, other parameters such as HOMA-IR, waist circumference and fasting blood sugar levels showed significant difference only in the test group. Conclusions: Canagliflozin provided better glycaemic control in type 2 DM patients along with decreased IR and marked weight loss. Increased plasma ketone levels were noted during the course of the therapy to an extent which can be used up by the body as a fuel and not cause ketoacidosis.

Keywords

• Canagliflozin
• haemoglobin A1c
• homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance
• plasma ketone
• waist circumference