Fiber Bragg grating-based optical filters for high-resolution sensing: A comprehensive analysis

Abstract

In-fiber Bragg grating filters continue to proliferate, and their applications expand with the rapid advancement of fiber optic component fabrication techniques. Mathematical models for the realisation, characterization, and simulation of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are required to design gratings for various purposes. In this article, a review of the various methodologies is provided. The principles of FBG and the development of FBG-based sensors for temperature, pressure, liquid level, strain, and refractive index sensing in diverse applications have been discussed. The operating concept and performance of cavity structures based on FBG have been investigated. Different sensing architectures with high sensitivity and resolution are presented, including FBG encased in a ring configuration. The basic interrogation techniques are also discussed.

Keywords

• Fiber Bragg grating
• Fiber optic sensors
• Ring resonator
• FBG based cavity