Synthesis and Optimization of Chitosan Ceramic-Supported Membranes in Pervaporation Ethanol Dehydration

Abstract

In the present work, ceramic-supported chitosan hybrid membranes were prepared for the pervaporation dehydration of ethanol. Mullite and combined mullite-alumina (50% alumina content) tubular low-cost ceramic supports were fabricated, and their influence on membrane performance was compared to a commercial α-alumina support. The membrane preparation parameters were different ceramic supports and the concentration of chitosan solution (varying from 2 wt.% to 4 wt.%). The supports and hybrid membranes were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and contact angle measurements. The results show, with increasing chitosan concentration, the permeability decreases, and selectivity increases. It was also found that the separation factor decreases with increasing feed temperature and feed water content, while the permeation flux increases. The membrane that was coated on α-alumina support with a 3 wt.% chitosan concentration exhibited the best pervaporation performance, leading to a permeation flux and separation factor of 352 g·m−2·h−1 and 200 for 90 wt.% ethanol in feed at 60 °C, respectively.

Keywords

• chitosan
• hybrid membrane
• ceramic supports
• pervaporation
• ethanol dehydration