Coordination Compound (2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium)₂[CuBr₄] as Catalyst for the Curing Process of Epoxy Vinyl Ester Binders

Abstract

This article presents a study on the synthesis and catalytic properties of copper complex (TPhTz)2[CuBr4] (here TPhTz is 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium). The obtained complex was characterized by various spectroscopic methods. The catalytic properties of the complex were evaluated in the curing of an epoxy vinyl ester system and their effectiveness was compared with that of cobalt octoate (its synonyms are known as Co(Oct)2, cobalt(II) 2-ethylhexanoate, cobalt isocaprylate, etc.). The catalyst was added at an amount of 2 w.%. The results showed that a 8 w.% solution of the complex provides catalytic properties with an activation energy of 54.7 kJ/mol, which is 25.2 kJ/mol higher than a standard curing system with Co(Oct)2. Thus, the solution of (TPhTz)2[CuBr4] in THF/DMSO accelerates the initiator decay process at room temperature, but for a longer time. The authors suggest that the curing mechanism may be accelerated by the appearance of (TPhTz)2[CuIBr3] and free bromine in the system. A strength test of fiberglass-reinforced plastic revealed that the addition of this complex did not lead to a decrease in flexural strength and hardness. Thus, use of the complex allowed for the production of polymer composite products using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding where an extended injection time was needed.

Keywords

• copper complexes
• 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium
• catalyst
• curing
• epoxy vinyl ester
• activation energy