Assessment of electromagnetic fields, vibration and sound exposure effects from multiple transceiver mobile phones on oxidative stress levels in serum, brain and heart tissue

Abstract

The present study evaluates oxidative stress markers in serum, brain and heart of albino Wistar rats after exposure to multiple transceiver mobile phone electromagnetic radiation, vibration and sound. Forty five (45) male albino Wistar rats weighing 140–180 g were randomly selected into nine groups (n = 5) viz; A serving as the control without mobile phone; groups B1, B2…E1, E2 were continuously exposed to electromagnetic field from double (1) and triple (2) transceiver mobile phone kept in various modalities with at least 10 min call per day within 9:00–21:00 h. Groups B1 and B2 were in silence mode, C1 and C2 in vibration, D1 and D2 in ring tone (sound), while E1 and E2 were in sound and vibration mode. After six weeks of exposure, the animals were sacrificed; serum, brain and heart were taken for oxidative stress assessment. Results showed that electromagnetic field radiation, vibration and sound from double and triple transceiver mobile phone cause decrease in the levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde in the serum, heart and the brain. Catalase was observed to decrease only in the brain. Nitric oxide activities increased in the brain and heart of the treatment groups exposed to both phone types. Exposure to double or triple transceiver mobile phone radiation, vibration and sound causes oxidative stress to serum, brain and the heart. Keywords: Oxidative stress, Nitric oxide, Mobile phone electromagnetic radiation, Vibration and sound