Prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with type I ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Abstract

Introduction: despite the fact that the mortality has decreased in almost all regions of the world, ischemic heart disease continues to be a health problem. Objective: to identify prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Method: an analytical study of cases and controls was carried out, out of 347 patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation type I, from January 2018 to December 2019 at the Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Celia Sánchez Manduley” in Manzanillo, Granma. The study group was made up of 46 deceased, and for each deceased patient in this group, 2 living discharged patients were randomly chosen, constituting the control group. The Chi-square test was used for qualitative variables and the Student's T-test for quantitative variables. To determine the prognostic factors of mortality, a logistic regression model was used. Results: a mean age of 73.7 years (SD ± 8.0) was determined. History of smoking, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension prevailed. The mortality risk factors were: history of heart failure (OR: 5.4 95% CI 1,226-23.97); heart failure higher than I according to Killip-Kimball (OR: 12.6 95% CI 3,245-49 , 30); blood glucose values higher than 10 mmol/L (OR: 4.7 95% CI 1.149-19.79) and creatine phosphokinase MB higher than 160 IU (OR: 17.7 95% CI 3.992-79.07). Conclusions: there are epidemiological, clinical and analytical variables capable of predicting mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Keywords

• mortalidad
• infarto agudo del miocardio
• infarto agudo del miocardio con elevación del segmento st