Advance in immune microenvironment and immunotherapy in triplenegative breast cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, characterized by poor differentiation, high rate of progression and poor prognosis. Due to the lack of biomarkers, targeted therapy options for patients with TNBC are limited, and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection are currently the main treatment modalities. Since TNBC has a high tumor mutation burden and a high infiltration density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, it may benefit patients from the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This article focuses on the research of ICIs in TNBC, aiming to provide corresponding theoretical basis for the treatment of TNBC patients.

Keywords

• triple-negative breast cancer; immune microenvironment; immunotherapy; immune checkpoint inhibitors; programmed death receptor-1; programmed death receptor-ligand 1; cytotoxic t-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4