End-of-life or second-life options for retired electric vehicle batteries

Juner Zhu; Ian Mathews; Dongsheng Ren; Wei Li; Daniel Cogswell; Bobin Xing; Tobias Sedlatschek; Sai Nithin R. Kantareddy; Mengchao Yi; Tao Gao; Yong Xia; Qing Zhou; Tomasz Wierzbicki; Martin Z. Bazant

Cell Reports Physical Science (Aug 2021)

End-of-life or second-life options for retired electric vehicle batteries

Juner Zhu,
Ian Mathews,
Dongsheng Ren,
Wei Li,
Daniel Cogswell,
Bobin Xing,
Tobias Sedlatschek,
Sai Nithin R. Kantareddy,
Mengchao Yi,
Tao Gao,
Yong Xia,
Qing Zhou,
Tomasz Wierzbicki,
Martin Z. Bazant

Affiliations

Juner Zhu: Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Corresponding author
Ian Mathews: Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork T12R5CP, Ireland
Dongsheng Ren: Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Wei Li: Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Daniel Cogswell: Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Bobin Xing: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicles and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Tobias Sedlatschek: Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicles and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52056, Germany
Sai Nithin R. Kantareddy: Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Mengchao Yi: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicles and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Tao Gao: Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
Yong Xia: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicles and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Qing Zhou: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicles and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Tomasz Wierzbicki: Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Corresponding author
Martin Z. Bazant: Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mathematics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Corresponding author

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 2, no. 8
p. 100537

Abstract

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Summary: E-mobility, especially electric cars, has been scaling up rapidly because of technological advances in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, LIBs degrade significantly with service life cycles. With the current increase in the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), a large volume of retired LIB packs, which can no longer provide satisfactory performance to power an EV, will soon appear. Various end-of-life (EOL) options are under development, such as recycling and recovery. Recently, stakeholders have become more confident that giving the retired batteries a second life by reusing them in less-demanding applications, such as stationary energy storage, may create new value pools in the energy and transportation sectors. In this perspective, we evaluate the feasibility of second-life battery applications, from economic and technological perspectives, based on the latest industrial reports and technical publications.

Published in Cell Reports Physical Science

ISSN: 2666-3864 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United States
LCC subjects: Science: Physics
Website: https://www.cell.com/cell-reports-physical-science

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