CARTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF SEALED SOILS ON URBANIZED TERRITORIES

Abstract

A technique for geoinformation mapping of sealed soils in urban areas has been developed. It assumes automated interpretation of space multiband images to determine the ratio of areas of open and asphalted (built-up) areas, which is one of the indicators of the ecological and geochemical state of the urban environment. Land-use zones are used as a unit of mapping, in each zone it is recommended to allocate three degrees of sealed urban soils: low, medium, high; the percentage of sealed soils of each degree in different zones can vary. According to the land-use zoning of the territory, the color of the unit on the map corresponds to a specific land-use area, and the color saturation – to the degree of sealedness. The technique was tested on the example of the Eastern District of Moscow, for which a map with a scale of 1:50 000 has been compiled. Its analysis has shown that the degree of sealed soil cover varies from < 10 % to > 70 %. The most heavily sealed soils are typical for industrial and residential areas in the central part of the study area, a low degree of sealedness corresponds to residential areas in some other wards. The map of sealed soils in various land-use zones of the Eastern District in Moscow served as the basis for compiling a series of environmental and geochemical maps. One of these maps, which was compiled from the soil-geochemical survey data of 2016 and reflects the spatial structure of pollution with oil products of the surface horizons of ekranozems, is given as an example.

Keywords

• sealed soils
• urban land-use zones
• space multiband images
• pollution
• geoinformation mapping