The originality of machines: AI takes the Torrance Test

Abstract

This exploratory research investigated the creative abilities of OpenAI's large language model, ChatGPT, based on the GPT-4 architecture, as assessed by the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. In comparison to human samples and a national percentile from Scholastic Testing Services, ChatGPT's performance was analyzed for fluency, flexibility, and originality. Results indicated that ChatGPT scored within the top 1% for originality and fluency, and showed high scores for flexibility, thus highlighting the current creative abilities of AI and the potential of AI systems to support and augment human creativity in new and meaningful ways. The study encourages additional research to further define, measure, and develop creativity in the era of advanced AI.

Keywords

• Artificial intelligence
• Originality
• Creativity
• Assessment
• Torrance tests of creative thinking
• Entrepreneurship