Vaccines (Apr 2024)
Correlates of Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infections in People with HIV: Results from the CIHR CTN 328 Study
- Cecilia T. Costiniuk,
- Terry Lee,
- Joel Singer,
- Yannick Galipeau,
- Corey Arnold,
- Marc-André Langlois,
- Judy Needham,
- Mohammad-Ali Jenabian,
- Ann N. Burchell,
- Hasina Samji,
- Catharine Chambers,
- Sharon Walmsley,
- Mario Ostrowski,
- Colin Kovacs,
- Darrell H. S. Tan,
- Marianne Harris,
- Mark Hull,
- Zabrina L. Brumme,
- Hope R. Lapointe,
- Mark A. Brockman,
- Shari Margolese,
- Enrico Mandarino,
- Suzanne Samarani,
- Bertrand Lebouché,
- Jonathan B. Angel,
- Jean-Pierre Routy,
- Curtis L. Cooper,
- Aslam H. Anis
Affiliations
- Cecilia T. Costiniuk
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital—Glen Site, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Terry Lee
- CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN), Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Joel Singer
- CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN), Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Corey Arnold
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Judy Needham
- CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN), Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
- Ann N. Burchell
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- Hasina Samji
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Catharine Chambers
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
- Sharon Walmsley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
- Mario Ostrowski
- Clinical Sciences Division, Department of Immunology, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Colin Kovacs
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
- Darrell H. S. Tan
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Marianne Harris
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Mark Hull
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Zabrina L. Brumme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Hope R. Lapointe
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Mark A. Brockman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Shari Margolese
- CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN), Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Enrico Mandarino
- CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN), Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Suzanne Samarani
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital—Glen Site, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Bertrand Lebouché
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital—Glen Site, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Jonathan B. Angel
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Jean-Pierre Routy
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital—Glen Site, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Curtis L. Cooper
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Aslam H. Anis
- CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN), Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12050447
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 12,
no. 5
p. 447
Abstract
COVID-19 breakthrough infection (BTI) can occur despite vaccination. Using a multi-centre, prospective, observational Canadian cohort of people with HIV (PWH) receiving ≥2 COVID-19 vaccines, we compared the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgG levels 3 and 6 months post second dose, as well as 1 month post third dose, in PWH with and without BTI. BTI was defined as positivity based on self-report measures (data up to last study visit) or IgG data (up to 1 month post dose 3). The self-report measures were based on their symptoms and either a positive PCR or rapid antigen test. The analysis was restricted to persons without previous COVID-19 infection. Persons without BTI remained COVID-19-naïve until ≥3 months following the third dose. Of 289 participants, 92 developed BTI (31.5 infections per 100 person-years). The median days between last vaccination and BTI was 128 (IQR 67, 176), with the most cases occurring between the third and fourth dose (n = 59), corresponding to the Omicron wave. In analyses adjusted for age, sex, race, multimorbidity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes and obesity, a lower IgG S/RBD (log10 BAU/mL) at 1 month post dose 3 was significantly associated with BTI, suggesting that a lower IgG level at this time point may predict BTI in this cohort of PWH.
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