Early-Stage M₂₃C₆ Morphology at the Phase Boundary in Type 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel Containing δ Ferrite

Abstract

The early-stage M23C6 morphology at the phase boundary between austenite and δ ferrite grain in Type 304L austenitic stainless steel was investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The M23C6 has coherency with austenite grains at phase boundary. The phase boundary between the M23C6 and austenite grains has curved appearance. The curved phase boundary might be a faceted interface composed of (111) plane and the other low-index planes on the atomic scale. The M23C6 morphology at the phase boundary was identified to be a complex pyramid-like shape that has {111}, {110} and {100} interfaces. The slight deviation in the angle measured between edges of carbide in the TEM images from that calculated between edges expected from the M23C6 morphology might be attributed to multilayer growth in the interior region of the M23C6 face.

Keywords

• austenitic stainless steels
• δ ferrite
• phase boundary
• M₂₃C₆ morphology
• coherency