Revealing Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene, Xylenes (BTEX) Emission at Gas Stations, Case Study in Semarang City

Abstract

Evaporation of gasoline at gas stations is the origin of air pollutants in gas station environment. This study is intended to estimate BTEX emission levels at gas stations and mapping BTEX emissions at all gas stations in Semarang. 4.09 D Tank Program with supported data collected by survey and secondary data used to calculate the estimated emissions. We also measured BTEX levels in the gas station location sample with charcoal tubes as adsorbent and PCXR4 mini pump sampler. The emissions from dispensers and storage tanks in gas stations have different emission characteristics. The amount of emissions from dispensers for VOC pollutants is 3.9261 tons/year and benzene is 0.0561 tons/year (case study UNDIP gas station). While the emission from a storage tank for VOC pollutants was 232.91 tons/year, benzene was 1.79 tons/year, toluene was 33.36 tons/year, ethylbenzene was 0.39 tons/year, and xylene was 1.43 Tons/year. The estimation results of the model with the results of direct BTEX measurements in the field showed that the field measurement results were smaller than those estimated. Some assumptions used in the calculations contribute to estimating uncertainty. The measured BTEX concentration still meets the quality standard (Minister of Manpower and Transmigration Regulation No. 13 of 2011).

Keywords

• air pollution
• dispenser
• emission
• evaporation
• fuel
• gas station