Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of adolescents with retained maxillary canines

Abstract

Introduction: Retained permanent maxillary canines can cause aesthetic and functional alterations in the pediatric population. Objective: To clinically and epidemiologically characterize adolescents with retained permanent maxillary canines and identify the risk factors involved in the etiology of this dentomaxillofacial anomaly. Methods: An analytical case-control study was carried out in adolescents treated in the orthodontic services of the Plaza de la Revolución municipality in the period from 2018 to 2023. A probabilistic sample of 64 cases and 128 controls was obtained.The variables studied were: sex, skin color, direction anomalies, position and microdontia of the maxillary lateral incisors, anterior diastemas, negative bone-tooth discrepancy, anterior sector trauma, premature loss of temporary teeth, persistence of temporary maxillary canines and genetic factors. Contingency tables were made to calculate the odds ratio and the chi-square hypothesis test for homogeneity was performed, with a confidence interval of 95%. Results: An association was evident between the retention of permanent maxillary canines and the presence of interincisors diastemas (OR=2.88; p=0.0015), the persistence of temporary maxillary canines (OR=45.97; p=0.0000) and genetic factors (OR=12.01; p=0.0000). Conclusions: In the outbreak control of permanent maxillary canines, emphasis should be placed on monitoring risk factors: such as the presence of interincisors diastemas, hereditary factors and the persistence of temporary canines.

Keywords

• diente impactado
• etiología
• factores de riesgo.