Impact of Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Patient Burden of Parkinson’s Disease: A PMD Alliance Survey

Abstract

Neal Hermanowicz,1 Maria Cristina Ospina,2 Yasar Torres-Yaghi,3 Sherrie Gould,4 Kelly Papesh,5 Jason A Rivera,6 Susan Miller,6 Sarah Jones,6 Kelli Musick,7 Damian May7 1Christus-St. Vincent Neurology Specialists, Santa Fe, NM, USA; 2Regional Parkinson Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA; 3MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; 4Scripps Clinic Movement Disorder Center, La Jolla, CA, USA; 5Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA; 6Parkinson and Movement Disorder Alliance (PMD Alliance), Tucson, AZ, USA; 7ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc, San Diego, CA, USACorrespondence: Neal Hermanowicz, Tel [phone], Email [email protected]: As the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in social restrictions around the globe, this cross-sectional survey aimed to assess the impact of social isolation on self- or proxy-reported symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) during the pandemic.Patients and Methods: The survey was distributed among 7109 subscribers of the Parkinson and Movement Disorders Alliance (PMD Alliance) News and Information list and was open only to people with PD (PwP) and care partners (CP, defined as main caregivers of PwP and serving as proxy respondents). No attempt was made to identify PwP and CP pairs. The survey was distributed online using Survey Monkey between 01/06/2021 and 02/27/2021. Respondents were grouped by level of social support from outside of their household during the pandemic (decreased or maintained [ie, the same as pre-pandemic or increased]).Results: Of 7109 invited participants, 718 responded to the survey (response rate 10.1%). PwP (self-reports) accounted for 70.6% of respondents and CP (proxy reports) for 29.4%. Decreased social support from outside of the household during the COVID-19 pandemic (58.5% of all responses) was significantly associated with increases in sadness/depression and anxiety, compared with maintained levels of social support (p < 0.0001 for both comparisons). It was also associated with increased burden of several non-motor (decline in memory, problem solving, or communication, p = 0.0009; new or worsening confusion, p < 0.0001; new or worsening delusions, p = 0.018) and motor PD symptoms.Conclusion: Decline in social support from outside of the household during the COVID-19 pandemic showed a statistically significant and negative association with the burden of mood and non-motor symptoms of PD. These results call for increased vigilance towards non-motor symptoms in PwP experiencing social isolation and highlight the need for stronger provider focus on encouraging PwP and their CPs to build and maintain social connections and engagements.Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, social isolation, anxiety, depression, non-motor symptoms, COVID-19

Keywords

• parkinson’s disease
• social isolation
• anxiety
• depression
• non-motor symptoms
• covid-19