A Systematic Review on the Role of Substance Consumption in Work-Related Road Traffic Crashes Reveals the Importance of Biopsychosocial Factors in Prevention

Sergio Frumento; Pasquale Bufano; Andrea Zaccaro; Anello Marcello Poma; Benedetta Persechino; Angelo Gemignani; Marco Laurino; Danilo Menicucci

doi:10.3390/bs12020023

Behavioral Sciences (Jan 2022)

A Systematic Review on the Role of Substance Consumption in Work-Related Road Traffic Crashes Reveals the Importance of Biopsychosocial Factors in Prevention

Sergio Frumento,
Pasquale Bufano,
Andrea Zaccaro,
Anello Marcello Poma,
Benedetta Persechino,
Angelo Gemignani,
Marco Laurino,
Danilo Menicucci

Affiliations

Sergio Frumento: Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Pasquale Bufano: Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Andrea Zaccaro: Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti—Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Anello Marcello Poma: Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Benedetta Persechino: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), 00078 Rome, Italy
Angelo Gemignani: Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Marco Laurino: Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Danilo Menicucci: Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12020023
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 12, no. 2
p. 23

Abstract

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Objective: Since many jobs imply driving, a relevant part of all road traffic crashes (RTC) is related to work. Statistics considering all crashes suggest that they are significantly associated with consumption of substances, but the root causes are not yet clear. The objective of the present paper was to systematically review the scientific literature concerning substances consumption and work-related RTC. We queried the PubMed and Scopus electronic databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles were included if they reported all necessary data and survived a quality assessment. We selected a final sample of 30 articles from an initial pool of 7113. As hypothesized, taking any of the considered substances was found to increase the risk of work-related RTC. Descriptive statistics on work-related RTC showed a higher average positivity rate for medicines (14.8%) than for alcohol (3.02%) and drugs (0.84%). Interestingly, the impact of some medications found an unconvincing explanation in the mere occurrence of side effects, and it suggests that psychosocial and/or medical conditions could be better predictors of RTC. We therefore propose an intervention and prevention model that also considers biopsychosocial factors, for which further studies are needed in future research.

Published in Behavioral Sciences

ISSN: 2076-328X (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Philosophy. Psychology. Religion: Psychology
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/behavsci

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Abstract

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