Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi (Apr 2018)
Küresel Göçün Sosyo-Mekânsallığı: Ulusötesi Mekânlar / Yerelötesi Yerler, Topluluklar ve Kimlikler
Abstract
While researchers used to consider migration as the process of leaving the countries and adaptation into a new society/culture by the individuals for certain generations, migrants were seen as people who left their homelands and encountered a tough process during the incorporation into a different society/culture. However, migration has been described as the mobility with a broader scope that associates both immigrant-sending countries and immigrant receiving countries and the migrants with people, institutions and processes in these two national areas in recent studies. Therefore new concepts such as transnationalism, transnational migration, transnational spaces, which question former conceptualizations of migration have been suggested by the researchers. The concepts of translocality and translocalism, which are used for strengthening this perspective and expanding it with new understandings have become the center of interest recently. This article aims to address transnational and translocal communities, identities, spaces/places that have created new social geographies within the context of transnationalism by combining some studies from sociology, anthropology, political science, psychology and human geography. The transnational as well as translocal and placial lenses from which it has expanded offer us the opportunity to evaluate migration as multiple places that go beyond places which send and receive by also considering immigrants together with non-immigrants and those migrating to other places. New perspectives to migration also make it possible to re-think about identity, belonging and democracy issues; to monitor historical continuity of processes and make methodological changes as well as to develop new methods. Researches show that transnational/translocal practices may support adaptation of immigrants and development of the region of origin. In this context, this article emphasizes that it is necessary to conduct new researches in order to discover current and possible connections between transnationalism/translocalism and integration, migration and development.
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