Maternal variables in cases of major congenital malformations of the urinary system diagnosed in Puerto Padre, 2018-2020

Abstract

Background: identifying the characteristics of congenital anomalies allows implementing risk studies and establishing individualized prevention strategies with the aim of reversing their impact. Objective: to describe the characteristics of mothers who had products of conception with major birth defects of the urinary system, diagnosed in Puerto Padre, during the period 2018-2020. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed in a sample of 14 mothers as defined in the objective. The information was collected from the Cuban Registry of Congenital Malformations and the Cuban Prenatal Registry of Congenital Malformations. Descriptive statistics was used in data processing. Results: 14 major birth defects of the urinary system were identified, for a prevalence of 5.6 per 1000 live births. The most frequent abnormality was hydronephrosis (35.71 %), followed by the right polycystic kidney (28.57 %). Most mothers were between 19 and 34 years old (71.43 %). It prevailed the standard weight mothers (85.71 %), the increased genetic risk (78.57 %), pregnancies that came to term (71.43 %), health area of Puerto Padre (64.29 %), urban area (57.14 %). The main genetic and environmental factors included no ingestion of folic acid (78.57 %), drug consumption during pregnancy and toxic habits (57.14 %) and chronic diseases in the mother (50 %). 71,43 % had more than one factor. Conclusions: characteristics of mothers with conception products with major congenital malformations of the urinary system were described.

Keywords

• anomalías congénitas
• sistema urinario
• mujeres embarazadas
• factores de riesgo