Guangxi Zhiwu (Nov 2023)
Genetic diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation of phenotypic characters in 20 germplasm resources of Erythropalum scandens
Abstract
In order to analyze the phenotypic characters of different germplasm resources of woody vegetable Erythropalum scandens and lay a foundation for selecting excellent E. scandens resources with large leaf and vigorous branch. In this study, 20 provenances from Vietnam and three provinces (regions) in China (Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian) were selected as the research objects. Twelve leaf characters and four branch characters were measured and calculated. Descriptive statistics, variance analysis and correlation analysis were performed, and the phenotypic characters of different E. scandens resources were counted, classified and evaluated. The results were as follows: (1) There were significant or extremely significant differences in most leaf and branch characters among different resources. The rangeabilities of the coefficient variation (CV) of all characters within provenances were not the same. The rangeability order of the coefficient variation of all characters among different resources was leaf functional character (15.42%-70.01%)>branch character (20.57%-71.71%)>leaf morphological character (3.39%-20.01%). Phenotypic variation within provenance was more prominent. (2) In terms of correlation between leaf morphological character and leaf functional character, there was a significant correlation between number of new branches, number of internodes and number of new leaves, but there was no significant correlation between number of new branches and leaf morphological characters. (3) Four principal components could be extracted from 16 phenotypic characters, and the total contribution rate was 85.528%. Four principal components reflected leaf morphology, leaf germination and growth, leaf shape, dry matter accumulation and branch thickening, respectively. (4) Cluster analysis of 20 resources could be divided into three categories, one had large leaves and good growth condition, one had small leaves and vigorous branches, and the other one was not outstanding in comprehensive performance. The geographical distribution of the subgroups of the major resources was close to each other. (5) Anxi and Fuqing in Fujian could be selected as resources with large leaves; Daxin, Shangsi and Guiping in Guangxi could be selected as resources with strong branches. In conclusion, the provenance of Anxi in Fujian has the best comprehensive performance, followed by Fuqing, Haifeng, Nanning in China and Chaling in Vietnam. Zhaoping and Yizhou has the worst comprehensive performance and they are not suitable for cultivation in Nanning. In some resources, there are excellent single plants with outstanding growth performances, which could be developed into clones for further provenance tests. This study provides a scientific basis for the analysis of phenotypic characters and the initial performance of different E. scandens germplasm resources in Nanning, and lay a foundation for screening and breeding high-yield E. scandens varieties.
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