Ultrafiltração convencional com modificação técnica no tratamento cirúrgico dos defeitos cardíacos congênitos Conventional ultrafiltration with technical modification in congenital heart defect surgery

Abstract

OBJETIVO: Comparar pacientes submetidos à ultrafiltração convencional (UFC), sem e com modificação técnica que permite aproveitamento do sangue residual do circuito de tubos e do oxigenador. MÉTODO: No período de março de 2002 a janeiro de 2005, 301 pacientes submetidos à correção de cardiopatias congênitas com circulação extracorpórea (CEC) foram analisados, retrospectivamente, e divididos em dois grupos: A - constituído de 130 pacientes submetidos à UFC clássica e grupo B - constituído de 171 pacientes submetidos à UFC com modificação técnica para aproveitamento do sangue residual. Foram comparadas variáveis demográficas, diagnóstico, tratamento cirúrgico, dados do período intra-operatório e pós- operatório, necessidade e volume de transfusões, exames laboratoriais e permanência hospitalar. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença no valor inicial de hematócrito antes da CEC (p = 0,06), mas no grupo B, os valores após a ultrafiltração foram maiores (p OBJECTIVE: To compare patients submitted to the conventional ultrafiltration (CUF) with and without a technical modification that allows use of residual blood from the circuit tubes and oxygenator. METHOD: From March 2002 to January 2005, 301 patients undergoing to congenital heart defects surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were retrospectively analyzed and divided in two groups: Group A - 130 submitted to CUF and Group B, 171 patients submitted to CUF with a technical modification that uses residual blood. Demographic data, diagnosis, surgical treatment, intra-operative and postoperative data, the need and amount of blood transfusions, laboratorial results and length of hospital stay were compared between the groups. RESULTS: There was no differences in the initial hematocrit before CPB (p = 0.06), but in the Group B, the values after ultrafiltration were higher (p <0.0001). Group B patients received more transfusions in the first 48 hours of the postoperative period (p <0.0001). There was no signicant difference in the time of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.34), but the inotropic support (p <0.0001), antibiotic therapy (p = 0.0006), length of stay in the intensive care unit (p <0.0001) and length of hospital stay (p <0.0001) were greater for Group B. CONCLUSIONS: CUF with the technical modification was not better than conventional CUF, because in spite of elevating the hematocrit after the CBP, it caused greater postoperative bleeding with a greater need of blood transfusions and longer hospitalar stays.

Keywords

• Ultrafiltração
• Circulação extracorpórea
• Cardiopatias congênitas
• Ultrafiltration
• Extracorporeal circulation
• Heart defects, congenital