Development and Initial Validation of the Confidence and Motivation to Teach Primary Physical Education Questionnaire

Abstract

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This research describes the development and psychometric evaluation of the Confidence and Motivation to Teach Primary Physical Education Questionnaire (CMTPPEQ). Phase 1 involved questionnaire development and quantitative analysis of reliability and use of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to examine factor structure and validity with 161 pre-service teachers. The EFA revealed two confidence factors and five motivation factors. All factors displayed adequate internal consistency and acceptable test-retest reliability for the confidence factors and three motivation factors. In Phase 2, the measure was further evaluated and factor structure refined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), with 211 pre-service and 107 in-service teachers. The two-factor confidence structure of Management and Planning and Implementation was confirmed with acceptable levels of fit. Structural changes made to the motivation structure resulted in six factors: Knowledge, Practice, Introjected Performance, Professional Expectations, Student Outcomes, and Disengagement. All factors demonstrated adequate internal consistency.

Keywords

• physical education
• confidence
• motivation
• teacher
• self-determination