Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Jul 2021)
Secondary organic aerosols from anthropogenic volatile organic compounds contribute substantially to air pollution mortality
- B. A. Nault,
- B. A. Nault,
- B. A. Nault,
- D. S. Jo,
- D. S. Jo,
- B. C. McDonald,
- B. C. McDonald,
- P. Campuzano-Jost,
- P. Campuzano-Jost,
- D. A. Day,
- D. A. Day,
- W. Hu,
- W. Hu,
- W. Hu,
- J. C. Schroder,
- J. C. Schroder,
- J. C. Schroder,
- J. Allan,
- J. Allan,
- D. R. Blake,
- M. R. Canagaratna,
- H. Coe,
- M. M. Coggon,
- M. M. Coggon,
- P. F. DeCarlo,
- G. S. Diskin,
- R. Dunmore,
- F. Flocke,
- A. Fried,
- J. B. Gilman,
- G. Gkatzelis,
- G. Gkatzelis,
- G. Gkatzelis,
- J. F. Hamilton,
- T. F. Hanisco,
- P. L. Hayes,
- D. K. Henze,
- A. Hodzic,
- A. Hodzic,
- J. Hopkins,
- J. Hopkins,
- M. Hu,
- L. G. Huey,
- B. T. Jobson,
- W. C. Kuster,
- W. C. Kuster,
- W. C. Kuster,
- A. Lewis,
- A. Lewis,
- M. Li,
- M. Li,
- J. Liao,
- J. Liao,
- M. O. Nawaz,
- I. B. Pollack,
- J. Peischl,
- J. Peischl,
- B. Rappenglück,
- C. E. Reeves,
- D. Richter,
- J. M. Roberts,
- T. B. Ryerson,
- T. B. Ryerson,
- M. Shao,
- J. M. Sommers,
- J. M. Sommers,
- J. Walega,
- C. Warneke,
- C. Warneke,
- P. Weibring,
- G. M. Wolfe,
- G. M. Wolfe,
- D. E. Young,
- D. E. Young,
- B. Yuan,
- Q. Zhang,
- J. A. de Gouw,
- J. A. de Gouw,
- J. L. Jimenez,
- J. L. Jimenez
Affiliations
- B. A. Nault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- B. A. Nault
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- B. A. Nault
- now at: Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, MA, USA
- D. S. Jo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- D. S. Jo
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- B. C. McDonald
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- B. C. McDonald
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- P. Campuzano-Jost
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- P. Campuzano-Jost
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- D. A. Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- D. A. Day
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- W. Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- W. Hu
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- W. Hu
- now at: State Key Laboratory at Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- J. C. Schroder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. C. Schroder
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. C. Schroder
- now at: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, USA
- J. Allan
- National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- J. Allan
- Centre of Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- D. R. Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- M. R. Canagaratna
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, MA, USA
- H. Coe
- Centre of Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- M. M. Coggon
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- M. M. Coggon
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- P. F. DeCarlo
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- G. S. Diskin
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
- R. Dunmore
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
- F. Flocke
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
- A. Fried
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. B. Gilman
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- G. Gkatzelis
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- G. Gkatzelis
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- G. Gkatzelis
- now at: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- J. F. Hamilton
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
- T. F. Hanisco
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamic Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
- P. L. Hayes
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- D. K. Henze
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- A. Hodzic
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
- A. Hodzic
- Laboratoires d'Aréologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- J. Hopkins
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
- J. Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- M. Hu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- L. G. Huey
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- B. T. Jobson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Laboratory for Atmospheric Research, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
- W. C. Kuster
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- W. C. Kuster
- independent researcher
- W. C. Kuster
- retired
- A. Lewis
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
- A. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- M. Li
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- M. Li
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. Liao
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamic Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
- J. Liao
- Universities Space Research Association, GESTAR, Columbia, MD, USA
- M. O. Nawaz
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- I. B. Pollack
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- J. Peischl
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. Peischl
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- B. Rappenglück
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- C. E. Reeves
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- D. Richter
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. M. Roberts
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- T. B. Ryerson
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- T. B. Ryerson
- now at: Scientific Aviation, Boulder, CO, USA
- M. Shao
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- J. M. Sommers
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- J. M. Sommers
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- J. Walega
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- C. Warneke
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- C. Warneke
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- P. Weibring
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- G. M. Wolfe
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamic Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
- G. M. Wolfe
- Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
- D. E. Young
- Centre of Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- D. E. Young
- now at: Air Quality Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- B. Yuan
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Q. Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- J. A. de Gouw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. A. de Gouw
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. L. Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- J. L. Jimenez
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11201-2021
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 21
pp. 11201 – 11224
Abstract
Anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol (ASOA), formed from anthropogenic emissions of organic compounds, constitutes a substantial fraction of the mass of submicron aerosol in populated areas around the world and contributes to poor air quality and premature mortality. However, the precursor sources of ASOA are poorly understood, and there are large uncertainties in the health benefits that might accrue from reducing anthropogenic organic emissions. We show that the production of ASOA in 11 urban areas on three continents is strongly correlated with the reactivity of specific anthropogenic volatile organic compounds. The differences in ASOA production across different cities can be explained by differences in the emissions of aromatics and intermediate- and semi-volatile organic compounds, indicating the importance of controlling these ASOA precursors. With an improved model representation of ASOA driven by the observations, we attribute 340 000 PM2.5-related premature deaths per year to ASOA, which is over an order of magnitude higher than prior studies. A sensitivity case with a more recently proposed model for attributing mortality to PM2.5 (the Global Exposure Mortality Model) results in up to 900 000 deaths. A limitation of this study is the extrapolation from cities with detailed studies and regions where detailed emission inventories are available to other regions where uncertainties in emissions are larger. In addition to further development of institutional air quality management infrastructure, comprehensive air quality campaigns in the countries in South and Central America, Africa, South Asia, and the Middle East are needed for further progress in this area.
