Clinical Interventions in Aging (Dec 2021)
The Focal Mechanical Vibration for Balance Improvement in Elderly – A Systematic Review
Abstract
Teresa Paolucci,1 Letizia Pezzi,1 Roberta La Verde,2 Pasqualino Maietta Latessa,3 Rosa grazia Bellomo,4 Raoul Saggini1 1University G. d’Annunzio Chieti, Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; 2S. Filippo Neri Hospital, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, “Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy; 3Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; 4University of Study of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Urbino, ItalyCorrespondence: Teresa PaolucciG. D’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies (DSMOB), Via Dei Vestini 66100, Chieti Scalo, ItalyEmail [email protected]: Aging has been associated with the progressive depletion of lean mass, reductions in muscle strength and the coordination of the lower extremities, accompanied by decreased gait assurance and balance control. Also, less balance control favors falling which is the leading cause of injury among the elderly. The aim of this systematic review is to identify and evaluate existing evidence regarding the use of focused vibration (FV) to improve balance and reduce the risk of falling during the rehabilitation of elderly populations.Methods: The PICO question is what are the effects of focal/segmental/local vibration training on the assessment of balance and the risk of falls among the elderly population? A thorough literature review was conducted between May 1, 2009, and June 30, 2019, for studies in English, randomized clinical trials, including crossover and prospective design studies with assessing balance and the risk of falls in elderly populations (age > 60 years).Results: Eight articles (N = 8) satisfied the inclusion criteria and were considered, of which 6 are RTC, one cross-sectional study and one clinical study, for a total of 635 participants. A total of 6 different vibration devices were used, each of which was associated with different FV frequency and amplitude characteristics and different treatment protocols.Conclusion: In conclusion, FV can be effective in decreasing the risk of falls and improving the assessment of balance, but more evidence is necessary considering the limits of the studies; however, it does look an important promise during rehabilitative treatment.Keywords: rehabilitation, risk of falls, exercise, vibration, equilibrium
