High Conversion of Concentrated Sugars to 5‑Hydroxymethylfurfural over a Metal-free Carbon Catalyst: Role of Glucose–Fructose Dimers

• Athukoralalage Don K. Deshan,
• Lalehvash Moghaddam,
• Luqman Atanda,
• Hongxia Wang,
• John P. Bartley,
• William O.S. Doherty,
• Darryn W. Rackemann

Affiliations

Athukoralalage Don K. Deshan

Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Lalehvash Moghaddam

Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Luqman Atanda

Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Hongxia Wang

School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

John P. Bartley

School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

William O.S. Doherty

Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia

Darryn W. Rackemann

Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia