Литосфера (Jun 2017)
Salts in the Earth's crust: Distribution and kinematic history
Abstract
Illumination in the literature of a number of topical problems of hydrochloric geology concerning the prevalence of salts in the interior, especially in tectonically deformed complexes, their transformation in different types of structures and kinematic history remains relatively weak. The purpose of the article is to characterize the general tendencies of the kinematic evolution of salts in the course of tectonic development under the influence of the manifestations of salt tectonic and tectonic (orthotectonic) deformations, which determine the final picture of the prevalence of salts. The study was carried out on the basis of a broad critical generalization of literary and authorial material characterizing saline basins of the world and individual reference regions. Integrated approaches and methods of three modern types of analysis of sedimentary geology are used: complex basin, lithogeodynamic and fluid geodynamic. As a result of the analysis, the salt bodies are systematized according to the nature of deformity and morphological features; Three groups of them are distinguished: stratified (undeformed), solanotectonic and orthotectonic. The features of location, morphology, and evolution of bodies of solanotectonic and orthotectonic groups in different tectonic situations are considered. Particular attention is paid to the characterization of allochthonous coverings of the solanotectonic group established only in recent decades and the salt bodies of the covert-folded regions of the orthotectonic group, which have been least studied and illuminated in the literature. It is shown that the presence of these groups in the depths of salts is a widespread and regular phenomenon; The main features of their final placement and morphology are revealed. For the first time, an evolutionary-kinematic analysis of salt bodies was made against the background of tectonic development of the structures containing them. The author draws a number of conclusions about the general trends in the morphokinetic evolution of salt bodies in the interior under the influence of tectonic and tectonic deformations. One of the important conclusions concerns a relatively new stage in the life of salts that completes its kinematic history: the appearance of salts taken from the original location at new stratigraphic levels in the form of subcoated cover-like bodies of injecting and injection-sedimentary nature. Disclosure the significance of such processes shows the role of the phenomena of salt bodies recycling (their rebirth or regeneration) in the ontogenesis of salts, in their tectonic and kinematic history. The results of the research are important in understanding the theoretical and practical problems of salt tectonics, salt geology, oil and gas geology, as well as a number of general problems of tectonics, basin analysis, etc. They can contribute to the predictive assessment of the oil and gas potential of the earth's interior, as well as the solution of the problem of the possible participation of salts in endogenous processes.
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